HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Definition :

Hortatory exposition is a text which represent the attempt of the writer to have the addressee do something or act in certain way. Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to explain the listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done.

Sosial function :

To persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not be the case.

Generic structure :

·         Thesis : announcement of issue concern.

·         Argument : reasons for concern leading to recommendation.

·          Recommendation : statement of what ought or ought not happen.

Language feature :

             o    Focusing on the writer

             o    Emotive words such as : worried

             o    Using abstractnoun; policy, advantage, etc

             o    Using action verb

             o    Using thinking verb

             o    Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc.

             o   Using temporal connective; firstly, secondly, trustworthy, etc.

             o    Using passive voice

             o    Using simple present tense

             o    subjective using pronouns : I and we

Example :

Fuel Price Must Be Dropped

Thesis :

Government should cancel the rise of fuel price done in beginning of October 2005. Most of Indonesian people badly beg it for some basic reasons.

Argument 1 :

First, for Industry. The rise of fuel price will increase their productioncost because they must pay more for fuel and electricity used in the process of production. Consequently, it will rise the selling price for the product. If the product price is increased, it will be hard for the product to compete with the goods from other countries. The export will decrease rapidly and government will lose the income from exporting goods. 

Argument 2 :

Second, for workers. The rise of fuel price will force the company where they work to limit the budget to low the number of workers. It means hundreds even thousands of  workers will lose their jobs. The jobless people will increase instability of nations because they will do whatever they can do to get some money, even by doing crime. What a dreadful nightmare!

Argument 3 :

Thirdly, for ordinary people. They must manage their finance to survive because the rise of fuel price will increase the price of their basic need's price. They have to find   alternative ways to survive, reducing the meals, postponing the buying of unnecessary things or event for the from school. This is the worst.

Recommendation :

Based on the facts above, considering the negative impact of the rise of fuel price above, government must cancel the rise and try to find other ways to co

WEATHER REPORTS AND TABLES/GRAPHS

      1.     WEATHER REPORTS

                                          

Definition : Weather Report or weather forecast is a prediction of weather, often for a specific locality, in a newspaper, on the radio or television. The weather is predicted through application of principles of physics and mateorogy.

Function:

•       To protect life and property.

•        Temperature and precipitation, it is important for agriculture,

•        For commodities traders in the stock market.

•        Climate forecasts are used by utility companies   to estimate demand over coming days.

•        To decide what to wear on a given day

•        To plan activities,

•        To plan ahead and survive.

Example of Weather Reports

Good morning. This is Andrea Giselle with weather report. It will be rainy this morning in almost all parts of town, followed by slight showers. However, the showers will not last for long time. By early afternoon it it ill be synny until late afternoon, followed by heavy rain in the evening in to the night. Thank you.

       2.     TABLES

Definition : The table is a summary of a list of data that informs the form of numbers, arranged by applying, in sequence down certain paths and rows using the row delimiter.

Function

•       Describes a fact or information in brief, clear, and more interesting than words.

•       To compare the amount of data.

How to read table?

•       Observe first title.

•       Observe the columns in the table.

•       Find the striking difference in the data is either the lowest or the highest average, count if necessary.

Examples

      3.     GRAPHS

Definition :Graph is a painting or a tidal rise and fall of a state represented by a line or drawing the ups and downs of a data. 

Function

•       Enables delivery of complex information more easily.

•       Can provide a snapshot of information in a clear, simple, interesting, and effective.

•       To compare the amount of data. 

How to read ?

•       Observe the chart title first.

•       Observe the right lane and the left or down with respect to the number.

•       Find the striking difference in the data.

•       Pull conclusions from the data and describe

There are three basic kinds of graphs: 

1.       Circle Graph

Definition :

A circle graph is a graph in the form of a circle that is divided into sectors, with each sector representing a part of a set of data. 

Example : 

One of Senior High School in Palangka Raya, made a vote about student’s favorite music. Students who like Rap music about 35%. Classical music 10%. Country music 12%. Alternative 15%. And the last for students who like Rock and Roll music about 28%.

2.       Bar Graph

Definition :

Bar graphs are an excellent way to show results that are one time, that aren't continuous - especially samplings such as surveys, inventories, etc. 

Example : 

One of senior high school in Palangka Raya, made a vote about student’s favorite juices. And for the most favorite juice is Yellow Juice it’s about 10 students. And Orange juice about 8 students. Red juice about  2 students. Purple juice 6 students.

3.       Line Graph 

Definition :

        A graph that uses points connected by lines to show how something changes in value (as time goes by, or as something else happens). 

Example :

One of senior high school in Palangka Raya, on 1999 has 130 students participants in Science Fair. On 2000 has 170 students. On 2001 has 100 students. On 2002 has 120 students. And on 2003 has 150 students.